Holland -- Dutch History and the Development of the Netherlands
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Dutch History Timeline
300BC - Germanic and Celtic tribes move into the area south of the Rhine River
50BC - Romans defeat tribes in Belgium (Gallica Belgica)
70AD - Germanic tribe Batavi rebels against Romans
382AD - St. Servaas moves Bishop's seat to Maastricht, beginning the Catholic religion in the Low Countries
800AD - Charlemagne crowned, controls Low Countries
800-900AD - Viking raids, some based in Utrecht in 879-882AD
922AD - Viking Dirk I granted lands in Haarlem, founds Egmont Benedictine monastery
1018 - Dirk III, Count of Holland, first to use Holland in title
1205 - van Amstel builds castle near Amstel and Ij rivers
1222 - Damming of the Amstel river, Amstelledamme created
1205-22 - Reign of William I, died in Egypt in Crusades
1234-1256 - Reign of William II, who nearly became the Holy Roman Emperor
1256-96 - Reign of Floris V, grandson of William II
1300 - Amsterdam gains charter from Bishop of Utrecht
1317 - William II wins Amsterdam from Utrecht
1323 - Holland gains Zeeland from Flanders
1334 - Founding of Oude Kerk in Amsterdam (Old Church)
1380 - Founding of Niewe Kerk in Amsterdam (New Church)
1400 - Italian Renaissance announced by Humanists
1421 - Amsterdam fire and St. Elizabeth Floods
1428 - Phillip the Good, Duke of Burgundy takes Holland and Zeeland from Jacoba
1467 - Charles the Bold succeeds Phillip the Good
1473 - All of Low Countries except Friesland in Burgundian hands
Planning your itinerary is important and can be enhanced by first understanding some history. Museum visits often shed light on local history.
RELATED PAGES:
Arts & Museums Home Page
What is the difference between Holland and the Netherlands?
What are the provinces of the Netherlands?
Table of Netherlands History
| Overview -- Keeping Their Heads Above
Water Pre-Roman Times (thru 100BC) Romans and Nomads Compete (100BC - 382AD) St. Servaas through Charlemagne (382 - 800) Viking Raids Provide Dirk I of Haarlem (800 - 1015) County of Holland to the Great Schism (1015 - 1300's) Hundred Years War and Renaissance (1300's - 1400) Burgundy Arrives (1400 - 1477) House of Habsburg Arrives (1477 - 1555) Spanish Netherlands (1555 - 1580) Republic of United Provinces and The Golden Age (1581 - 1795) Napoleon Conquers; Union with Belgium (1795 - 1830) Belgium and the Kingdom of Netherlands (1830 - 1950's) European Integration, Benelux (1950's - 1980's) European Union & the Euro currency (1990's - present) |
Dutch History Timeline
| 1477 - Death of Charles the Bold,
whose daughter Mary marries into the Habsburg family, has Phillip with
Maximilliam 1494 - Phillip the Fair inherits rule when Maximillian is made Holy Roman Emperor 1515 - Charles I, son of Phillip the Fair, inherits the Low Countries 1516 - Charles I becomes Carlos I, King of Spain 1517 - Luther nails 95 Theses to Wittenburg's castle church 1519-56 - Charles I reigns as Charles V, German Emperor 1523-43 - Charles V collects more lands into Holland, takes Friesland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Groningen, Drenthe and Gelderland 1548 - Independent Kingdom of 17 Provinces in Pays-Bas, the Low Countries 1555 - Charles V hands Low Countries to son Phillip II 1555-79 Netherlands Revolt against Spanish rule, Protestantism spreads 1579 - Ten southern provinces sign Union of Arras, ceding control to Phillip II and agreeing to stop resisting; Seven northern provinces sign Union of Utrecht, banding together to retain independence 1581 Reign of Phillip II ends, Republic of United Provinces created 1597 - Dutch found colony of Batavia in Java 1602 - Dutch East India Company founded, early stock exchange founded 1607 - Jamestown colony founded 1620 - Mayflower lands in Plymouth 1621 - Dutch West India Company founded to trade with newfound America 1625-6 - Dutch West India Company establishes Niewe Amsterdam on Manhattan 1652-54 - First Anglo-Dutch War 1653-72 Period without stadhouder (stadholder, city holder) 1665-7 - Second Anglo-Dutch War |
1806 - Louis Bonaparte made King of Holland by Napoleon 1810 - Louis Bonaparte abdicates, Holland now part of French Empire 1830 - Brussels Revolution, Belgian Independence given over 10 years 1889 - Centraal Station completed in Amsterdam 1890 - Queen Wilhemina assumes power 1918 - Land Reclamation Act leads to 1932 -- Zuiderzee Project, Afsluitdijk 1934 - Riots in Jordaan 1939 - Netherlands declares neutrality in WWII 1940 - After bombing of Rotterdam Netherlands submits to German occupation, Rijsmuseum made Nazi headquarters in Holland 1945 - Germans lose WWII 1948 - Queen Wilhemina passes power to daughter Juliana 1957 - Netherlands joins EEC 1957-86 - Delta Plan follows disastrous floods in 1953 1960 - Benelux economic agreement between Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg observed 1980 - Queen Juliana hands crown to daughter Beatrix 1992 - Treaty of Maastricht 1992 - Israeli-based El Al jet crashes into Amsterdam - scandalous cargo discovered. |